Current issue
Journal content
Articles in press
Archive
About the Journal
About the Polish Annals of Medicine
Editorial Board
Abstracting & indexing
Open Access policy
Charges
Affiliated institutions
Contact
Instructions
Peer review process
Guide for authors
Publication ethics
Ethics and Patient Consent
User License
Usage of third party materials
Disclaimer
Statement on Artificial Intelligence
Reviewers
Guide for reviewers
Review Form
RESEARCH PAPER
A survey on the actuating force on brake and clutch pedal controls in agricultural tractor in use in Iran
1
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Iran
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Shahrekord University, Iran
3
Scientific Board in Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Shahrekord University, Iran
Submission date: 2015-04-01
Acceptance date: 2016-01-24
Online publication date: 2016-02-28
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Corresponding author
Nima Jamshidi
Unit 218, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, HezarJerib St., Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran. Tel.: +98 311 7935613; fax: +98 311 6276652.
Unit 218, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, HezarJerib St., Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran. Tel.: +98 311 7935613; fax: +98 311 6276652.
Pol. Ann. Med. 2016;23(2):113-117
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
The focus of farm tractor operator is on forward and reverse hydraulic arm's movements in addition to leg-pushing on brake and clutch pedals. Performing all these, with respect to the machine model and operator's position, determines the posture and the loading pattern of the operator's body.
Aim:
The objective here has been the assessment of the pedal control to improve the operator's functionality.
Material and methods:
In this study, 1500 operators were subject to close interviews by the researcher for 3 years in Isfahan Province. Operators with different anthropometries were involved by sitting on MF285, U650, JD3140 and JD950 combiner seats. The operator's knees were photographed in: free (no force enforcement), ready (beginning of force enforcement) and active (force enforcing) conditions. The thigh and leg angle at the knee joint was measured and the exerted force on the leg during leg-pushing was calculated too.
Results and discussion:
Analysis of the obtained data indicated that the MF285 tractor clutch exerted less maximum force on the knee due to the clutch mechanism. The JD3140 clutch needed more maximum force in relation to MF285. The least maximum force was exerted on the brake pedal of JD3140. Under operating conditions, the widest knee extension angle in leg-pushing was of the U650 and JD3140 tractors.
Conclusions:
The U650 and JD3140 model tractors under 'ready' and 'active' conditions need less leg-pushing force. This force exertion from the knee occurs at the widest extension angle. These two models have higher ergonomic level with the least possible disturbance in the knee joint.
The focus of farm tractor operator is on forward and reverse hydraulic arm's movements in addition to leg-pushing on brake and clutch pedals. Performing all these, with respect to the machine model and operator's position, determines the posture and the loading pattern of the operator's body.
Aim:
The objective here has been the assessment of the pedal control to improve the operator's functionality.
Material and methods:
In this study, 1500 operators were subject to close interviews by the researcher for 3 years in Isfahan Province. Operators with different anthropometries were involved by sitting on MF285, U650, JD3140 and JD950 combiner seats. The operator's knees were photographed in: free (no force enforcement), ready (beginning of force enforcement) and active (force enforcing) conditions. The thigh and leg angle at the knee joint was measured and the exerted force on the leg during leg-pushing was calculated too.
Results and discussion:
Analysis of the obtained data indicated that the MF285 tractor clutch exerted less maximum force on the knee due to the clutch mechanism. The JD3140 clutch needed more maximum force in relation to MF285. The least maximum force was exerted on the brake pedal of JD3140. Under operating conditions, the widest knee extension angle in leg-pushing was of the U650 and JD3140 tractors.
Conclusions:
The U650 and JD3140 model tractors under 'ready' and 'active' conditions need less leg-pushing force. This force exertion from the knee occurs at the widest extension angle. These two models have higher ergonomic level with the least possible disturbance in the knee joint.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
REFERENCES (24)
1.
Cavallo E, Ferrari E, Bollani L, Coccia M. Strategic management implications for the adoption of technological innovations in agricultural tractor: the role of scale factors and environmental attitude. Tech Anal Strat Manag. 2014;26(7):765–779.
2.
Dewangan KN, Owary C, Datta RK. Anthropometric data of female farm workers from north eastern India and design of hand tools of the hilly region. J Ind Ergon. 2008;38(1):90–100.
3.
Fathallah FA, Chang JH, Berg RL, Pickett W, Marlenga B. Forces required to operate controls on farm tractors: implications for young operators. Ergonomics. 2008;51(7):1096–1108.
4.
Kumar A, Bhaskar G, Singh JK. Assessment of controls layout of Indian tractors. Appl Ergon. 2009;40(1):91–102.
5.
Mehta CR, Pandey MM, Tiwari PS, Gite LP, Khadatkar A. Tractor controls actuating force limits for Indian operators. Ind Health. 2011;49(4):523–533.
6.
Mehta CR, Tiwari PS, Rokade S, et al. Leg strength of Indian operators in the operation of tractor pedals. Int J Ind Ergon. 2007;37(4):283–289.
7.
Mehta CR, Tewari VK. Biomechanical model to predict loads on lumbar vertebra of a tractor operator. Int J Ind Ergon. 2015;47:104–116.
8.
Mokdad M. Anthropometric study of Algerian farmers. J Ind Ergon. 2002;29(6):331–341.
9.
Victor VM, Nath S, Verma A. Anthropometric survey of Indian farm workers to approach ergonomics in agricultural machinery design. Appl Ergon. 2002;33(6):579–581.
10.
Gomez MI, Hwang S, Stark AD, May JJ, Hallman EM, Pantea CI. An analysis of self-reported joint pain among New York farmers. J Agric Saf Health. 2003;9(2):143–157.
11.
Tiwari PS, Gite LP, Majumder J, Pharade SC, Singh VV. Push/pull strength of agricultural workers in central India. Int J Ind Ergon. 2010;40(1):1–7.
12.
Ferrari E, Cavallo E. Operators' perception of comfort in two tractor cabs. J Agric Saf Health. 2013;19(1):3–18.
13.
Ye Z, Bai Q, Li X. Agricultural implementation security research based on ergonomics. J Converg Inf Technol. 2012;7(20):65–71.
14.
Shydlovskyi AK, Pavlov VB, Tretiak MV. The possibility of creating vehicles for agricultural purposes with the electric transmission systems and combo power supply. Tech Electrodyn. (1):2012;(1):46–48.
15.
Kong D, Zhang S, Zhu Z, Yang M. Driver's fatigue evaluation and analysis in mechanized sowing work. Trans Chin Soc Agric Mach. 2008;39(8):74–78.
16.
Dewangan KN, Owary C, Datta RK. Anthropometry of male agricultural workers of north-eastern India and its use in design of agricultural tools and equipment. J Ind Ergon. 2010;40(5):560–573.
17.
Qiu Y, Zhu Z, Mao E, et al. Virtual ergonomics design and evaluation of agricultural equipment cab. Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng. 2011;27(3):117–121.
18.
Dewangan KN, Gogoi G, Owary C, Gorate DU. Isometric muscle strength of male agricultural workers of India and the design of tractor controls. J Ind Ergon. 2010;40(5):484–491.
19.
Drakopoulos D, Mann DD. Development of a method for ergonomic assessment of a control layout in tractors. In: Bust PD, ed. In: Contemporary Ergonomics. Abingdon, Oxford: Taylor and Francis; 2006:611–615.
20.
Widana IK. Redesigning tractors for reduced soil cultivation and increased productivity in the agricultural sector in Bali Indonesia. In: Shih YC, Liang SFM, eds. In: Ergonomics in Asia: Development Opportunities and Challenges – Selected Papers of the 2nd East Asian Ergonomics Federation Symposium (EAEFS 2011) National Tsing Hua UniversityLondon: Taylor & Francis; 2012 :31–35.
21.
Chaturvedi V, Kumar A, Singh JK. Power tiller: vibration magnitudes and intervention development for vibration reduction. Appl Ergon. 2012;43(5):891–901.
23.
Lehto MR, Buck JR. Introduction to Human Factors and Ergonomics for Engineers. New York: CRC Press; 2008.
24.
Shan G, Bohn C. Anthropometrical data and coefficients of regression related to gender and race. Appl Ergon. 2003;34(4):327–337.
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
