Introduction:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world. Differences in the treatment of breast cancer may be observed by age, disease stage, place of residence and comorbid conditions.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to analyse the differences in the use of breast-conserving surgery among women in the Świętokrzyskie Province.

Material and methods:
The study included 483 female residents of Świętokrzyskie Province who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in 2013. Following indicators, recommended to evaluate the compliance with the best oncology practice, were calculated: a proportion of patients receiving post-operative breast radiotherapy after the breast-conserving surgery and a proportion of the breast-conservation surgery in pT1 cases.

Results and discussion:
The difference in the distribution of surgical procedures by age group (breast-conserving surgery vs. mastectomy) in pT1 cases was statistically significant (P = 0.006). The highest values of both indicators were observed in the age group recommended for breast cancer screening in Poland, while the lowest in women 70 years of age and older. Our study revealed a non-significantly higher proportion of patients receiving post-operative breast radiotherapy after breast conserving-surgery in urban than in rural women, amounting to 36.5% and 29.4%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Existing inequalities in the use of breast-conserving surgery indicate the need to consider the recommended breast cancer treatment to the highest possible proportion of patients residing in rural areas.