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RESEARCH PAPER
Multiple sclerosis prevalence in Italy associated with temperature variation towards 8.60°C
1
Ohio State University Alumni Association, Columbus, OH, USA
Submission date: 2017-05-28
Acceptance date: 2017-08-21
Online publication date: 2018-06-27
Publication date: 2019-11-18
Corresponding author
Pol. Ann. Med. 2018;25(2):212-217
KEYWORDS
TRPM8thermoreceptiveMultiple sclerosisimmunologymultivariate analysislatitudinal prevalencesystemic lupus erythematosusamyotrophic lateral sclerosisItaly
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Italy is an exception to the association of increasing Latitudinal prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) with temperature. This is noteworthy because even though northern Italy’s average yearly temperature is significantly colder than southern Italy’s MS rates are lower instead of higher. If the reason for this inverse epidemiology of MS were determined it would give important insight as to the causes of MS.
Aim:
This study was done to determine if variation towards a particular temperature was responsible for MS prevalence rates in Italy.
Material and methods:
Multivariate analysis was used to determine average yearly temperatures that had the highest effect on MS prevalence rates and variation towards which MS rates would be the most affected. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the significance of a correlation between average yearly temperature and MS prevalence. When this was determined the same method was repeated with variation towards a particular temperature.
Results and discussion:
The results showed the average yearly temperature at which MS prevalence rates peaked was 10.11°C and the temperature towards which temperature variation would have the most significant impact on prevalence rates was 8.60°C.
Conclusions:
The temperature that both the average yearly temperature and variation towards a particular temperature has the most impact on MS prevalence rates corresponds to the point at which the TRPM8 thermoreceptor peaks in activity and below which it ceases to be reactive, respectively. That receptor has been shown to be a mediator of immune system function. It’s dysfunction could explain the development of MS.
Italy is an exception to the association of increasing Latitudinal prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) with temperature. This is noteworthy because even though northern Italy’s average yearly temperature is significantly colder than southern Italy’s MS rates are lower instead of higher. If the reason for this inverse epidemiology of MS were determined it would give important insight as to the causes of MS.
Aim:
This study was done to determine if variation towards a particular temperature was responsible for MS prevalence rates in Italy.
Material and methods:
Multivariate analysis was used to determine average yearly temperatures that had the highest effect on MS prevalence rates and variation towards which MS rates would be the most affected. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the significance of a correlation between average yearly temperature and MS prevalence. When this was determined the same method was repeated with variation towards a particular temperature.
Results and discussion:
The results showed the average yearly temperature at which MS prevalence rates peaked was 10.11°C and the temperature towards which temperature variation would have the most significant impact on prevalence rates was 8.60°C.
Conclusions:
The temperature that both the average yearly temperature and variation towards a particular temperature has the most impact on MS prevalence rates corresponds to the point at which the TRPM8 thermoreceptor peaks in activity and below which it ceases to be reactive, respectively. That receptor has been shown to be a mediator of immune system function. It’s dysfunction could explain the development of MS.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research was conducted independently and not on behalf of the Ohio State Alumni Association. No conflict of interest exists in this relationship.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Author declare to have no conflict of interest.
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