Introduction:
Prostate cancer is becoming a challenge for modern medicine. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in men, second only to lung cancer. In 2012, 417 000 new cases were registered and 92 000 deaths were reported in Europe. Early detection of prostate cancer allows for complete recovery. Basic diagnostic procedures involve digital rectal examination (DRE), assessment of the serum total prostate specific antigen (PSA) level and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Abnormalities detected in these examinations necessitate prostate biopsy.

Aim:
To evaluate prostate cancer topography based on biopsy.

Material and methods:
Spatial distribution of cancer foci in the prostate was analyzed retrospectively in 246 male patients who had undergone TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. The median age of the study population was 69.7 years. The PSA levels ranged from 0.59 ng/mL to 676.6 ng/mL and the average level was 34.3 ng/mL. During the peribiopsy period, 750 mg of ciprofloxacin was introduced to prevent inflammation, and 100 mg of diclofenac was applied per rectum an hour prior to the procedure to reduce pain.

Results and discussion:
In all 246 patients, tissue core samples were obtained from the prostate, sufficient for histopathological assessment and cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions:
TRUS-guided prostate biopsy is an effective method for detecting and locating prostate cancer. Tissue core samples obtained during prostate biopsy serve as sufficient diagnostic material for a histopathologist. In our study population, cancer was located most frequently in the middle part of the prostate gland.